Theories of motivation

Even the best-designed instruction can fail if learners aren’t motivated. Theories of motivation help explain why people choose to engage, persist, and perform—and why they sometimes don’t. This section covers key theories of motivation that shed light on human motivation, especially in the context of work and learning. Understanding these models can help you design programs that not only teach skills but also support the drive to apply them.

6 minute read

ARCS Model of Motivation

Learn what the ARCS Model is, how it supports learner motivation, and how to apply it. Covers all four components with examples for corporate L&D.

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7 minute read

Alderfer’s ERG Theory

Concise, research-based overview of Alderfer’s ERG Theory—existence, relatedness, and growth needs—and its relevance to workplace motivation and learning.

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8 minute read

Attribution Theory

Explore Attribution Theory and its relevance to workplace learning. Learn how causal explanations shape motivation, performance, and learner engagement—and how to support adaptive thinking.

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6 minute read

Cognitive Evaluation Theory

Cognitive Evaluation Theory explains how rewards, feedback, and structure affect intrinsic motivation by shaping autonomy and competence.

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8 minute read

Equity Theory

Equity Theory explains how fairness perceptions drive motivation, influencing employee behavior, job satisfaction, and responses to workplace inequities.

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8 minute read

Expectancy Theory

Expectancy Theory explains motivation based on the belief that effort leads to performance and valued rewards, shaping workplace behavior.

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8 minute read

Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory

Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory explains motivation at work, highlighting the difference between motivators and hygiene factors in driving job satisfaction.

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6 minute read

McClelland’s Theory of Needs

McClelland’s Theory of Needs explains how achievement, affiliation, and power shape motivation and behavior in workplace settings.

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7 minute read

Regulatory Focus Theory

Regulatory Focus Theory explains how promotion and prevention focus shape goal pursuit, decision-making, and motivation in learning and behavior.

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7 minute read

Self-Determination Theory

Self-Determination Theory explains how autonomy, competence, and relatedness drive motivation. Learn how to apply it in corporate learning.

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6 minute read

Temporal Motivation Theory

Temporal Motivation Theory explains how time, expectancy, and value influence motivation, helping design programs that reduce procrastination.

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